Pdf design and analysis of three phase induction motor. A threephase induction motor problem enginuity systems. It uses less conductor material for power transmission than other methods while also providing a constant stream of power through a unique phasedelay between three alternating currents. In the squirrelcage induction motor, the rotor has very low fixed resistance, therefore, the starting torque is low due to low power factor and high reactance. In three phase induction motor, the power is transferred from stator to. Set the voltage setting of the insulation resistance tester to 500v. A stator winding is placed in the stator of induction motor and the three phase supply is given to it. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. It comprises an enclosure in steel or plastic, a contactor, start contact, link wires and stop start buttons. Pdf electrical braking of three phase induction motor. Aug 07, 2017 if this motor is started by directly connecting it to the mains supply, the starting current will be around 6 x 70 420 a. Threephase dualvoltage motor insulation resistance testing. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance.
Home category electrical engineering mcq questions and answers 3 phase induction motors 1 the frequency of the induced emf in an induction motor is a. Y2 series 3 phase induction motors are characterized with. A portion of rotating magnetic field in a threephase. The 3 phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. The magnetic field in the air gap from the voltage applied to the stator.
The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Speed control of three phase induction motor electrical. Various applications toshiba motor is used for various applications. Lecture 6 three phase induction motors cairo university. Three phase squirrel cage induction motor with mechanical load arrangement 0. Flexible 5 ratings correspondence 220380415v50hz,220440v60hz is standard. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. They are renewal and upgrading products of y series. The first ac commutatorfree threephase induction motors were. In the case of three phase ac alternating current operation, the most widely used motor is a 3 phase induction motor, as this type of motor does not require an additional starting device.
A 480v, 60 hz, 6pole, threephase, deltaconnected induction motor has the. The difference in speed between rotor, the synchronous speed and the rotating magnetic field is called the slip. Three phase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical. Refer back to this diagram as the operational requirements of the singlephase motor are discussed. When the primary winding or stator is connected to a three phase alternating current supply, it. Design and analysis of three phase induction motor using computer program. Y2 seriesthree phase induction motory2 series motors are totally enclosed fan cooled tefc, squirrel cage type threephase induction motors, developed with new technique. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Stator frame it is the outer most part of the three phase induction motor. Arrangement of stator in 3ph induction motor are given below. Motors are susceptible to the gradual failure of their insulation resistance. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u.
This rotating magnetic field sweeps across the rotor conductors and hence an electromagnetic force emf. Star delta starter for 3phase motor electronics hub. The mounting dimension is fully conformed to iec standard. As soon as you receive the motor, check that the nameplate on the machine conforms to your order. Whenever the ac supply is connected to the stator windings, line currents i r, i y, and i b start flowing. Variable voltage variable frequency control of three phase induction motor in closed loop is the significant feature of the thesis work. A simple explanation of how a 3 phase induction motor works. Consider a single phase induction motor whose rotor is at rest. If you are searching for rewinding of one phase motor you can find it here. An electrical motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The three phase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Like any electric motor, a 3 phase induction motor has a stator and rotor. Y2 series three phase induction motors dimensions and rated output are in conformity with international standard iec 600721. Some singlephase induction motors are also called squirrel cage motors because of the rotors similarity.
The design of y2 series induction motor absorbed the advanced technology of electric motors around the world. This is a very high current draw from the network and will definitely show an impact on other devices. A 3phase, y connected, 460 volt line to line, 25 horsepower, 60 hz, 8 pole induction motor has the following constants, in ohms per phase referred to the stator. They are found everywhere from a small workshop to a large manufacturing industry. Starting methods of three phase induction motor electrical. The operating principle of a 3 phase induction motor is based on the production of r. Slip, s, is defined as the difference between synchronous speed and operating speed, at the same frequency, expressed in rpm, or in percentage or ratio of synchronous speed. A 3phase induction motor uses current delivered in three phases in a sequence into the coils of a stator to create a rotating magnetic field. Low cost, low maintenance, simple construction, reliability and high efficiency.
This type of motor has a major use in the different industrial applications due to numerous benefits such as higher efficiency, reliable cost, minimum maintenance and selfstarting feature. What is the three phase induction motor working principle. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. The stator has a three phase stationary winding which can be either star connected or delta connected. Stator is made up of number of stampings in which different slots are. These motors run conveyor belts, pumps, fans, and many other applications. There are following methods of speed control of three phase induction motor. The most popular type is the 3 phase, squirrelcage ac induction motor. For this example, refer to the motor equivalent circuit and calculations described above. When three phase stator winding of an induction motor is energized from a 3 phase supply, a rotating magnetic field is set up which rotates around the stator at synchronous speed ns. The stator carries a 3 phase winding called stator.
It uses less conductor material for power transmission than other methods while also providing a constant stream of power through a unique phase delay between three alternating currents. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation. For a three phase motor, insulation resistance is usually measured between each motor winding or phase and between each motor phase and motor frame earth using an insulation tester or megger. Rotating flux is only possible when 3 phase voltage or poly phase which is 120 degree apart in time is applied to a three phase winding or poly phase winding 120 degree apart in space then a three phase rotating magnetic flux is. The three phase induction motor or synchronous motor is used as ac drive. Frame size 180m and above, 380660v50hz is standard. Three phase power, introduced by inventor nikoa tesla, uses a polyphase system of alternating current to supply power to large motors and motor control systems. In this case, power flows from the mechanical system, to the rotor circuit, then across the air gap to the stator circuit and external electrical system. A threephase induction motor problem this application note describes how to set up, solve, and analyze the results of a twopole, threephase induction motor using rmxprt. Firstly threephase induction motor drive system is simulated in various modes using matlabxilinx, then finally closed loop control of induction motor is simulated using vf method. One single phase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. One way to reduce the starting current is to start the motor at reduced voltage. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor.
The three phase induction motor has following advantages. The threephase induction motor is the easiest motor of this type to understand so these notes start with that type. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current. Vin supply voltage implementation in this project we have selected uncontrolled bridge rectifier, voltage control inverter, and squirrel cage induction motor, dspic2010 microcontroller. As its name indicates stator is a stationary part of induction motor. The simulation parameters are taken based on theoretical concept of the drive system. The advantages of threephase ac induction motor are listed below. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. An induction motor s rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type.
The singlephase induction motor is much the same in construction as the threephase motor. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Determination of the losses in induction machines due to harmonics pdf. The torque developed by an induction motor is proportional to the slip. Directonline dol motor starter description the direct on line motor starter dol is designed to switch a single or three phase induction motor at rated voltage. Three phase ac induction motors are widely used in industrial and commercial applications. Its main function is to support the stator core and the field winding. Three phase induction motors master line 3 mounting characteristics powers up to 50,000 kw voltages from 220 to,800 v speed from 3,600 to 300 rpm manufactured in different configurations of cooling methods and degrees of protection, adapting to the operating and environmental conditions. The working of the three phase induction motor is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Variable voltage variable frequency speed control of. Difference is that transformer is an alternating flux machine while induction motor is rotating flux machine.
The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. A 3 phase, y connected, 460 volt line to line, 25 horsepower, 60 hz, 8 pole induction motor has the following constants, in ohms per phase referred to the stator. The singlephase induction motor is more subtle and less efficient. The stator of an induction motor consists of a number of overlapping windings offset by an electrical angle of 120. When threephase stator winding of an induction motor is energized from a 3 phase supply, a rotating magnetic field is set up which rotates around the stator at synchronous speed ns. Starting of 3 phase induction motors, high starting torque motors. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main.
But controlling of ac motor is little bit difficult than dc motor due to alternating nature of voltage. Y2 series three phase induction motor i asynchronous motor y2 series three phase asynchronous motor is a kind of totally enclosed fancooled tefc squirrelcage induction motor. Three phase induction motor the induction motor that runs on a three phase ac supply is known as a threephase induction motor. Hello everyone, i am niko and, in this instructables i will show you, how to rewind and renew old three phase electric motor.
These are of two types, squirrel cage and slip ring motors. The most common type of ac motor being used throughout the work today is the induction motor. It consists stator winding it is housed on the motor frame. Applications of three phase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. A portion of rotating magnetic field in a three phase. Applications of threephase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. This induces an electric field in a coil or squirrel cage to drive a rotor. At synchronous speed, the slip is zero and hence torque developed by the. Firstly three phase induction motor drive system is simulated in various modes using matlabxilinx, then. How to test three phase ac motors learning electrical. Such high currents may pose serious problems for the motor and the electrical system when large motors are started.
Induction motors are most widely using motors in present days for domestic and industrial purpose. Like any electric motor, a 3phase induction motor has a stator and rotor. Nov 27, 2019 an electrical motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A linear induction motor lim is a specific type of alternating current ac motor designed to produce motion in a straight line. Rotating magnetic field in 3 phase induction motor your. Nov 27, 2019 the three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. A single phase induction motor is inherently not selfstaring can be shown easily. How an induction motor works by equations and physics. May 16, 2020 the resistance of the squirrelcage induction motor can not be varied as compared to the slip ring induction motor. These motors are selfstarting and use no capacitor, start winding, centrifugal switch or other starting device.
How to test a threephase motor with a megger hunker. The most popular type is the 3phase, squirrelcage ac induction motor. Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. These types of motors are known as selfstarting induction motors.
The working of the threephase induction motor is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. Threephase dualvoltage motor insulation resistance testing threephase dualvoltage motors are used for most daytoday operations in todays industrial plants. The induction motor rotates due to the rotating magnetic field in 3 phase induction motor, which is produced by the stator winding in the air gap between in the stator and the rotor. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide. Some singlephase induction motors are also called squirrel cage motors because of. One singlephase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. A 3 phase induction motor uses current delivered in three phases in a sequence into the coils of a stator to create a rotating magnetic field. Threephase power, introduced by inventor nikoa tesla, uses a polyphase system of alternating current to supply power to large motors and motor control systems. The model created by rmxprt will then be used as an input for empulse as a basis for performing more detailed analysis and for increasing the accuracy of the performance pre. We also discuss the construction of a three phase motor including its. Threephase induction motors draw six or more times rated current when started at rated voltage. Y2 series 3phase induction motors are characterized with. Combination with a gearhead allows the motor speed to be reduced to the required speed or generate higher torque.
Microcontroller based speed control of three phase. After looking at some of the considerations for fullvoltage starting, we will consider several. Hence, we need to start a three phase induction motor using an appropriate motor starter. Three phase induction motors draw six or more times rated current when started at rated voltage. Three phase induction motor the induction motor that runs on a three phase ac supply is known as a three phase induction motor. The stator circuit model of an induction motor consists of a stator phase winding resistance r 1, stator phase winding leakage reactance x 1 as shown in the circuit diagram below. A lim operates under the same principles as its ac rotary motor counterpart, typically powered by a threephase voltage scheme with a. The difference in speed between rotor, the synchronous speed and the rotating magnetic field is. Other motors that are included are 1 phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors.
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